{
  "version": "2026.07",
  "name": "The Freelance Contract Clause Standard",
  "statement": "A freelance service contract should contain all eight clauses below. This is Colo’s editorial recommendation for what a contract must cover — not a survey, a sample or a frequency measurement. No claim is made here about how often real-world contracts contain any of these clauses.",
  "methodology": "The clause list, its names and its order are read directly from the \"The eight clauses every freelance contract needs\" section of Colo’s published freelance contracts guide; a build gate fails if the two ever disagree. For each clause, the plain-English definition, what it protects and the negotiation note are editorial prose written by Colo. The typicalParameters field carries figures — deposit percentages, revision counts, notice periods, late-payment terms — ONLY where the guide states them: every value is verified at build time to appear verbatim in the guide body, and the field is omitted entirely for clauses where the guide states no figure. Those parameters are stated norms, not measured averages. Nothing is imported from outside the source guide. Not legal advice: contract law is jurisdiction-specific, so have a qualified lawyer review any contract you rely on.",
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "attribution": "Colo — trycolo.co/data/freelance-contract-clause-standard",
  "generatedFrom": "the published guide at trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026",
  "sourceGuideUrl": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026",
  "clauses": [
    {
      "id": "scope",
      "name": "Scope",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "A precise, itemised description of what you will deliver, what you will not deliver, and the format each deliverable arrives in.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects both sides from scope creep by making \"was that included?\" a question the contract already answers.",
      "negotiationNote": "Replace intent with an inventory. \"We will redesign the website\" is intent; a named page list with layouts, revision allowance and file format is scope. Reference the proposal or SOW as an appendix rather than restating it.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs"
    },
    {
      "id": "payment-terms",
      "name": "Payment terms",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "The total fee, the deposit and when it is due, the milestone schedule, the payment method, and what happens when an invoice runs late.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects cash flow: it decides when the money moves, which matters more to a freelance practice than the headline fee does.",
      "negotiationNote": "One of the four clauses to fight for in a client-supplied contract. \"Payment due upon receipt\" names no date, so there is nothing to measure lateness against — give the day count, the interest basis and the fee. Collect the deposit in the same session as the signature; splitting them loses roughly half of deposits to second thoughts.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs",
      "typicalParameters": [
        {
          "parameter": "Deposit on signature",
          "value": "30 to 50 percent deposit on signature"
        },
        {
          "parameter": "Short projects (under four weeks)",
          "value": "50 percent deposit and a 50 percent delivery invoice"
        },
        {
          "parameter": "Invoice terms",
          "value": "Net 7 or Net 14 invoice terms"
        },
        {
          "parameter": "Statutory interest (UK)",
          "value": "8% above the Bank of England base rate"
        },
        {
          "parameter": "Statutory fixed sum (UK)",
          "value": "£40 under £1,000, £70 from £1,000 to £9,999.99, and £100 at £10,000 or more"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "revisions",
      "name": "Revisions",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "How many rounds of revisions the fee includes, what counts as a revision, and what an additional round costs.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects the hourly rate you actually earn — unbounded revisions turn a profitable project into an unpaid one at the same fee.",
      "negotiationNote": "Define the round as well as the count: feedback returned as a single consolidated list inside a stated window. Pair it with a change-order clause so out-of-scope requests become a one-page priced document rather than an awkward conversation. Watch for \"unlimited revisions\" in client templates.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs",
      "typicalParameters": [
        {
          "parameter": "Rounds included",
          "value": "Two to three rounds for most service work"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ip-transfer-on-final-payment",
      "name": "IP transfer on final payment",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "Ownership of the deliverables passes to the client when the final invoice is paid in full, and not before.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects your only real leverage over non-payment: until the invoice clears, the asset is still yours.",
      "negotiationNote": "One of the four clauses to fight for. Client templates routinely ask for IP on signature — that hands over the asset and keeps the invoice outstanding. Default ownership without this clause is jurisdiction-dependent, so make it explicit either way, and carve out your right to show the work in your portfolio.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs"
    },
    {
      "id": "kill-fee-cancellation",
      "name": "Kill fee / cancellation",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "What the client pays if they cancel the project before it is finished.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects the time slot you held for them and the work already in progress when a project is called off.",
      "negotiationNote": "One of the four clauses to fight for. Frame it as pricing, not punishment: the client booked capacity, and the fee is what that capacity cost. It is far easier to agree before the project starts than on the day it is cancelled.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs",
      "typicalParameters": [
        {
          "parameter": "Standard structure",
          "value": "100 percent of the deposit (non-refundable) plus a pro-rata percentage of remaining milestones already in progress"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "termination",
      "name": "Termination",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "How either side ends the contract, on what notice, and who owns and owes what at the moment it ends.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects both sides’ ability to exit cleanly instead of stalling in a relationship neither one wants.",
      "negotiationNote": "One of the four clauses to fight for. Separate the two exits: notice for convenience, and immediate termination for material breach after a stated cure period. Say explicitly what is owed for work delivered up to that point.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs",
      "typicalParameters": [
        {
          "parameter": "Notice for convenience",
          "value": "30 days notice for convenience"
        },
        {
          "parameter": "Cure period for material breach",
          "value": "usually 14 to 30 days"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "confidentiality",
      "name": "Confidentiality",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "Both sides agree to keep the other’s proprietary information private, with reasonable carve-outs.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects client information you are trusted with, and your own methods and pricing, without needing a second document.",
      "negotiationNote": "Keep the standard carve-outs — already public, independently developed, required by law — and keep the obligation mutual. Once this clause is signed a standalone NDA is redundant; a pre-contract NDA that binds only you is a signal about how the engagement will run.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs"
    },
    {
      "id": "dispute-resolution",
      "name": "Dispute resolution",
      "plainEnglishDefinition": "Which law governs the contract, where a claim would be brought, and what both sides must try before anyone files anything.",
      "whatItProtects": "Protects you from an argument about the venue on top of the argument about the money.",
      "negotiationNote": "Name the governing law and jurisdiction — for cross-border work this is the clause that decides whether a claim is realistic at all. Mediation or arbitration are optional but lower the cost of the fight. The first step in any breach is a written notice citing the clause and the cure period.",
      "sourceAnchor": "https://trycolo.co/guides/freelance-contracts-guide-2026#the-eight-clauses-every-freelance-contract-needs",
      "typicalParameters": [
        {
          "parameter": "Mandatory negotiation step before filing",
          "value": "mandatory negotiation step (often 30 days)"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}